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Hotel linen ABC
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Finishing
A large number of processes used are understood by the term finishing, which give the raw materials (i.e. the material as it comes off the weaving machine) its look and properties, e.g. dyeing, bleaching, napping, mercerising, sanforizing.
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Cotton
Cotton fibre is the seed hair of the cotton plant. Cotton is used for as much as half of the world's textile fabric production. Factors which determine its quality in processing and the end product are fibre length, fibre count, purity, strength, colour and sheen. Usually the longer a fibre is the finer it is. These are used for the manufacturing of even, high quality yarns (maco). Cotton can absorb approximately 40% of its own weight in water, feels pleasant to the touch, does not irritate and is therefore particularly preferred for textiles which come into contact with human skin - in hotels for example bed linen and towels.
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Cretonne
Plain weave linen fabric.
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Damask
The term is generally used for jacquard patterned fabrics. These fabrics, usually in atlas weave, stand out due to the beautiful light relection of the pattern.
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Contraction
The shrinking of brand new materials by washing. On average depending on the quality it is about 4-8 percent with bed and table linen and up to 15 percent with towels due to the looser bond in manufacturing.
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Embroidery
Upgrading and labelling of linen by embroidering on insignias, emblems, coats of arms etc. after the manufacturing of the fabric. Simple or complicated and multi-coloured motifs can be embroidered. Embroidery is effective advertising and represents a uniform corporate image.
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Weaving
Interweaving of names and motifs during manufacturing of the fabric. Especially cost-effective labelling of linen. Minimum amounts are not necessary with this individual manufacturing.
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Yarn
The fibres are processed into simple yarns. In turn these are joined to twists.
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Yarn dyeing
Dyeing of yarn before the weaving process. Pattern effects for example a colour contrasting satin stripe which are possible using different colour yarns in warp and weft.
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Fabric
Textiles which are manufactured from vertical or warp threads and horizontal or weft threads which are crossed during weaving depending on the structure of the fabric and desired pattern. The way in which the warp and weft threads are crossed with each other is called weave. The three basic weaves are: Plain weave, twill weave, atlas weave (weft atlas) atlas weave (warp atlas). Atlas weave is also called satin weave.
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Half linen
Blended fabric in which warp or weft consists of linen yarn, the weight ratio of linen is at least 41%. The blended partner is usually cotton.
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Hotel closure
Design with pillows and quilt covers. Pillows and continental quilts are held in the cover by the weft. Covers with hotel closures offer advantages when changing and mangling linen.
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Jacquard weaving
With jacquard materials fabrics have complicated patterns which can be very detailed, e.g. motif weaves. An EDP system controls the individual threads to create the pattern.
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Calendar
Finishing machine to achieve density and sheen effects.
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Warp
Threads running lengthways in the fabric.
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Linen
Term for fabric made from bast fibres of the flax plant. Linen is hard-wearing and has a long life cycle. Its smooth fibre surface makes it absolutely lint-free. Fabrics manufactured exclusively from linen yarn are called pure linen.
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Linon
Plain weave bleached cotton fabric (cretonne, renforcé) without a pattern.
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Maco
Long fibre Egyptian cotton. An even fine yarn results due to superb spinning properties and thus a beautiful fabric appearance with an elegant look.
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Mercerising
Well-known finishing process which lends cotton fabrics a luxurious, silk-like and wash-resistant sheen.
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Modal
The term for regenerated cellulose fibres which have similar properties to cotton. A particularly even fibre product with high tear strength compared to cotton. Only those modified cellulose fibres which demonstrate slight stretch under strain can be called modal. The tried and tested textile fibre modal provides lots of benefits above all as a blend with cotton. Modal is acquired from beech wood and has natural properties for example it falls beautifully, has a silky sheen and superb colour absorption which really comes brilliantly to the fore especially with fabrics dyed by the piece. Cotton/modal fabrics retain their shape and smoothness even after being washed a lot. They are easy to clean and keep their colour brilliance.
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Polyacrylic
Synthetic fibre, sensitive to heat, characterised though as being easy to clean. So for example after washing you can hang up table cloths made from acrylic dripping wet, the fabric smoothes out and does not need to be mangled. Synthetic touch.
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Polyester
Synthetic fibre which has good resistance to acids and light. Demonstrates high biological resistance and is superior to other synthetic fibres in shape retention. Low water storage capacity. The fibres are on the market under different brand names like Diolen, Trevira, Kodel.
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Renforcé
Light, plain weave bed linen material made from cotton.
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Sanforizing
Finishing process for professional clothing and fitted sheets to resist contraction (shrinkage). After sanforizing the remaining shrinkage is at the most 1 percent.
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Weft
Threads running horizontally in the fabric.
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Piece dyeing
Dyeing of woven material. This results in the plain colour being even throughout.
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Full-twisted yarn
Yarn twisted exclusively in warp and weft direction. Product finish for particularly high durability and thus long life cycle.
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Twisted yarn
Made by twisting togther two individual yarns. This significantly increases the strength and improves the uniformity of the fabric.
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Twisted warp
The warp is made of twisted yarn, the weft of simple yarn.